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What Is Bacterial Endocarditis?

Endocarditis is an infection of the lining of the heart or the heart valves. Bacteria that enter the bloodstream cause it. Once in the blood, these bacteria can infect the inside of the heart or lodge on heart valves.

The most common ways bacteria can enter the blood are:

• from shared needles during drug use
• after an injury with an open wound
• during surgical procedures
• during dental procedures

An infection of the heart lining is very serious. People with bacterial endocarditis need treatment with antibiotics that are given by vein. After these medicines are stopped, antibiotics will probably be given by mouth for a time. It is important that all medicines are taken so the infection is completely eliminated.

Bacteria will more likely cause a heart infection if the heart is already damaged. Dentists and doctors often prescribe antibiotics to people with heart damage before they have any kind of surgery.

The most important thing to remember about bacterial endocarditis is how to prevent it.

People who are at risk of developing bacterial endocarditis are people with heart conditions such as abnormal heart valves. Abnormal heart valves may result in a leaky heart valve, mitral valve prolapse or a valve replacement. If you have any of these problems or if you have had rheumatic fever, or endocarditis, tell your health care provider and dentist. Be sure to follow all instructions for your medications.

For more information, speak with your health care provider. If your health care provider would like to refer you to a cardiologist, ask for a referral to a Saint Vincent Heart Center cardiac specialist. Information is also available by contacting your local chapter of the American Heart Association or call the national office at (800) 242-8721 or visit their website at www.americanheart.org.

Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional. HIL File CARD4291.RF2 VRS# 6101 Data Version 7.0
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